By Skin cysts are common, harmless lumps that appear under the skin. Two of the most frequently confused types are pilar cysts and sebaceous cysts. Although both are benign and look similar on the surface, they differ in origin, structure, and treatment options. Understanding the difference between pilar cyst vs sebaceous cyst is crucial for proper diagnosis, management, and natural healing approaches.
In this detailed guide, we’ll explore everything you need to know about pilar cysts and sebaceous cysts, how to distinguish them, and effective Natural Treatment for Sebaceous Cyst that can help you recover faster and prevent recurrence.
Understanding Skin Cysts
A skin cyst is a small, closed sac filled with keratin, sebum, or fluid. These cysts can develop anywhere on the body, but they most commonly appear on the scalp, face, neck, and back. They are generally non-cancerous and slow-growing, but they can become inflamed or infected if not treated properly.
While pilar cysts and sebaceous cysts share several characteristics, the key lies in where they originate and the type of cells involved in their formation.
What Is a Pilar Cyst?
A pilar cyst, also known as a trichilemmal cyst, forms from the outer root sheath of a hair follicle. These cysts are filled with keratin — a tough, fibrous protein that makes up hair and nails.
Key Characteristics of Pilar Cysts:
- Location: Most commonly found on the scalp.
- Appearance: Smooth, round, firm lumps beneath the skin.
- Color: Flesh-colored or slightly yellowish.
- Pain: Usually painless unless infected.
- Growth: Slow-growing, often appearing in clusters.
- Genetic Link: May run in families, suggesting a hereditary tendency.
Pilar cysts are more frequent in middle-aged women and can occur multiple times in the same area. Since they originate from hair follicles, they are rare in areas without hair.
Related article: Sebaceous Cyst Treatment at Home: Quick Fixes for Clearer Skin
What Is a Sebaceous Cyst?
The term sebaceous cyst is commonly used to describe epidermoid cysts, which originate from the skin’s surface layer (epidermis). These cysts form when sebaceous glands (oil-producing glands) become blocked, leading to a buildup of sebum — a thick, oily substance that keeps the skin moisturized.
Key Characteristics of Sebaceous Cysts:
- Location: Commonly found on the face, neck, chest, upper back, and genitals.
- Appearance: A small, dome-shaped bump under the skin.
- Color: May appear whitish or yellow due to trapped keratin or sebum.
- Pain: Can become tender, red, and swollen if infected.
- Odor: When ruptured, they may release a foul-smelling, cheese-like substance.
Sebaceous cysts are not hereditary but can result from skin trauma, blocked pores, acne, or excess oil production.
Pilar Cyst vs Sebaceous Cyst: The Main Differences
Although these cysts may appear similar, several distinct features set them apart. Here’s a quick comparison of pilar cyst vs sebaceous cyst:
| Feature | Pilar Cyst | Sebaceous Cyst |
| Origin | Hair follicle (outer root sheath) | Sebaceous gland (epidermis) |
| Common Location | Scalp | Face, neck, back, chest |
| Contents | Keratin (solid) | Sebum (oily or cheesy) |
| Appearance | Firm, smooth, round | Soft, may have central punctum |
| Pain | Usually painless | Can be painful if inflamed |
| Odor | Odorless | May emit foul smell when ruptured |
| Genetic Link | Often hereditary | Not hereditary |
| Occurrence | Common in clusters | Usually single cysts |
| Risk of Infection | Low | Higher risk due to oil and bacteria |
Understanding these distinctions helps determine whether you have a pilar cyst or a sebaceous cyst and guides you toward the right treatment plan.
Related article: Sebaceous Cyst Treatment Non Surgical: What You Need To Know
How to Identify Pilar Cyst vs Sebaceous Cyst
If you notice a lump under your skin, it can be difficult to determine what type of cyst it is without medical help. However, the following clues can help you identify the difference between pilar cyst vs sebaceous cyst:
1. Location
- Pilar cysts almost always develop on the scalp and are often multiple.
- Sebaceous cysts appear anywhere but are most common on the face, upper back, and neck.
2. Texture
- Pilar cysts are firm, round, and smooth to the touch.
- Sebaceous cysts may feel softer and have a noticeable central pore (punctum).
3. Discharge
- Pilar cysts rarely rupture or discharge material.
- Sebaceous cysts can leak a thick, yellowish, foul-smelling substance when squeezed or ruptured.
4. Pain or Redness
- Pilar cysts are generally painless.
- Sebaceous cysts may become red, swollen, and painful when infected or inflamed.
If you are uncertain, it’s always best to consult a dermatologist for an accurate diagnosis. In some cases, your doctor might perform a minor surgical procedure or biopsy to confirm the type of cyst.
Causes and Risk Factors
Causes of Pilar Cyst:
- Genetic predisposition (runs in families)
- Abnormal growth of hair follicle cells
- Minor scalp injuries or blocked hair follicles
Causes of Sebaceous Cyst:
- Blocked sebaceous glands
- Skin trauma or acne
- Excessive oil (sebum) production
- Damaged hair follicles
- Poor hygiene or use of comedogenic skincare products
Both cyst types are non-cancerous and generally harmless, but they may cause cosmetic concerns or discomfort if they grow large or become infected.
Treatment Options for Pilar and Sebaceous Cysts
In many cases, pilar cysts and sebaceous cysts do not require treatment unless they cause discomfort, pain, or cosmetic issues. However, treatment can help relieve symptoms and prevent complications.
Related article: The Basics of Infected Sebaceous Cyst Removal
1. Medical Treatments
- Incision and drainage: A small cut is made to release the cyst’s contents. This provides temporary relief but may not remove the cyst completely.
- Surgical excision: The cyst and its sac are fully removed to prevent recurrence. This is the most effective method for both pilar and sebaceous cysts.
- Antibiotics: Used if the cyst is infected or inflamed.
- Steroid injections: Help reduce inflammation and swelling.
Always consult a dermatologist before attempting any removal or treatment at home.
Natural Treatment for Sebaceous Cyst
Many people prefer natural treatments for sebaceous cysts, especially when the cyst is small, non-painful, or in the early stages. While these remedies do not guarantee permanent removal, they can help reduce inflammation, promote drainage, and prevent infection.
Here are some effective natural treatments for sebaceous cysts:
1. Warm Compress
Applying a warm compress to the affected area for 10–15 minutes, two to three times a day, can improve blood circulation and promote drainage. It helps the cyst come to the surface and heal naturally.
2. Tea Tree
Tea tree oil has strong antibacterial and Oil anti-inflammatory properties.
- Mix a few drops with a carrier oil (like coconut oil).
- Apply gently to the cyst.
This helps reduce bacteria and prevents infection.
3. Apple Cider Vinegar
Apple cider vinegar acts as a natural antiseptic.
- Dilute one part vinegar with one part water.
- Apply using a cotton ball and leave it for 10–15 minutes before rinsing.
It can help dry out the cyst and reduce inflammation.
4. Aloe Vera Gel
Aloe vera is known for its soothing and healing effects.
Apply pure aloe vera gel directly to the cyst to reduce redness, irritation, and swelling.
5. Castor Oil
Castor oil contains ricinoleic acid, which has anti-inflammatory and healing properties.
- Apply a few drops of warm castor oil on the cyst.
- Cover it with a warm cloth for 15–20 minutes.
This helps shrink the cyst naturally.
6. Witch Hazel
Witch hazel helps cleanse the skin and reduce oil buildup.
Use a cotton pad soaked in witch hazel and dab it onto the cyst twice a day to prevent infection.
7. Turmeric Paste
Turmeric has natural antiseptic and anti-inflammatory benefits.
- Mix turmeric powder with water or coconut oil to form a paste.
- Apply to the cyst and leave for 20 minutes before rinsing.
It helps speed up healing and minimize scarring.
Related article: Top 14 Home Remedies To Treat Sebaceous Cysts
Preventive Measures
Although cysts can sometimes develop for unknown reasons, certain habits can help reduce your risk of getting them:
- Keep your skin clean and avoid harsh, comedogenic products.
- Avoid squeezing or popping cysts — it can cause infection and scarring.
- Maintain a balanced diet rich in vitamins and antioxidants.
- Manage oily skin using gentle cleansers.
- Wear loose-fitting clothing to reduce friction on prone areas.
- If you have a family history of cysts, monitor your scalp and skin regularly for new growths.
When to See a Doctor
You should consult a dermatologist if:
- The cyst becomes red, swollen, or painful.
- It grows rapidly or changes shape.
- It starts to ooze pus or has a foul smell.
- It recurs after previous treatment.
- You are unsure whether it’s a benign cyst or another skin condition.
While most cysts are harmless, medical evaluation ensures it’s not a sign of a more serious condition.
Related article: How Aloe Vera and Honey Help in Sebaceous Cyst Removal
Pilar Cyst vs Sebaceous Cyst: Key Takeaways
- Both pilar cysts and sebaceous cysts are non-cancerous lumps under the skin.
- Pilar cysts are usually found on the scalp and are firm and painless.
- Sebaceous cysts are often located on the face or back and can become inflamed or infected.
- Correct identification is essential for effective management.
- Surgical removal is the most reliable cure, but natural treatments for sebaceous cysts can help with mild cases and healing.
Conclusion
Understanding the difference between pilar cyst vs sebaceous cyst can help you make informed decisions about your skin health. While both are benign, knowing their origins, symptoms, and treatment options can save you from unnecessary discomfort and infection.
If you notice a lump under your skin, don’t panic most cysts are harmless. However, if it causes pain, grows in size, or becomes infected, seek professional medical care. For mild cases, natural treatments for sebaceous cysts such as warm compresses, tea tree oil, or aloe vera can support healing and prevent recurrence.
Taking care of your skin through proper hygiene, balanced nutrition, and early attention to skin changes is the best way to maintain healthy, cyst-free skin.
